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The
London Declaration on Mining
* Refuting the unsustainable claims
of the mining industry
* Opposing current models of "engagement"
* Demanding full recognition of community rights
We -twenty seven
representatives of communities and groups affected by mining from
Asia, Africa, India, South and North America- met in London from May
18-23rd 2001, to compare the impacts of mining on the lives of communities
and ecosystems and to share strategies on how to confront the industry.
London is the minerals capital of world, where a major proportion of
global capital investment in mining is raised and the most active metals
trading takes place. It is here that the international headquarters
of some of the major mining companies are located, and that recent
initiatives have been launched, seeking to persuade the
"international community" that the minerals industry can
continue many of its unacceptable practices. These initiatives include the
Mines, Minerals and Sustainable Development programme (MMSD) which is
supported by more than thirty leading mining companies, the World
Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) and the London-based
International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
We have seen our peoples suffering for many years from mining in all
stages and forms, and from exploration to development through to
abandonment. Industrial mining has caused grievous pain and irreparable
destruction to our culture, our identities and our very lives. Our
traditional lands have been taken, and the wealth seized, without our
consent or benefit.
Invariably mining imposed upon our
communities has poisoned our waters, destroyed our livelihoods and our
food sources, disrupted our social relationships, created sickness
and injury in our families. Often our communities have been divided by
'imported' civil conflicts. Increasing mechanisation has denied many of us
a role we once had as mineworkers.
In recent years the mining industry has
become more aggressive and sophisticated in manipulating national and
international laws and policies to suit its interests. The mining laws of
more than seventy countries have been changed in the past two decades.
Laws protecting indigenous peoples and the environment are undermined.
Structural adjustment programmes have forced many governments to
liberalise capital flow for mining expansion.
Their role has turned away from
responsibility for the well-being of their citizens to becoming servants
of the global corporations. As a result, community resistance has
significantly increased; at many sites partnerships have formed between
workers and local people. In response the
industry has panicked, undertaking a massive public information
campaign extolling the virtues of large-scale mining, and promoting
self-selected and self-regulated "codes of conduct". The latest
in the series of corporate-led propaganda offensives is the Global Mining
Initiative (GMI), which was initially proposed by three major mining
companies, and aimed at influencing the "Rio + 10" UN World
Summit on Sustainable Development, to be held in South Africa in May
2002. The GMI has a three-pronged agenda: the self-styled research and
"dialogue" programme - Mines, Minerals and Sustainable
Development (MMSD); a global conference called "Resourcing Our
Future" and the establishment of a new international pro-mining
organisation.
These initiatives promote at
least four half truths or myths:
(i) the supposed need for more and more minerals from ever
more mines;
(ii) the claim that mining catalyses development;
(iii) the belief that technical fixes can solve almost all
problems; and
(iv) the inference that those opposed to mining mainly
comprise ignorant and "anti-development"
communities and NGOs.
Our experience emphatically belies these assumptions.
We now demand the following:
(1) A moratorium on new large-scale mining projects in green
field areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America;
2) Companies must clean up the terrible damage caused
by their past and current mines, without drawing on public funds, and be
held morally, legally and financially responsible for their misdeeds;
(3) The World Bank/IMF cease funding of industry-initiated
mining codes which are imposed on the governments of Africa,
Asia-Pacific
and Latin America
(4) Mandatory higher standards in all mining
(5) That surface and subsurface rights of indigenous peoples
and all
mining-affected communities be unequivocally respected and enforced
, as well as their right to veto unacceptable projects.
We seek solidarity from civil society and specifically from
development and environment NGOs, in response to the global outcry from
communities affected by mining. We ask these organisations:
1) To ensure that mining-affected communities are fully
informed in advance on all aspects of mining and minerals projects and
empowered to speak for themselves in response;
2) To refuse to participate in initiatives, such as MMSD,
which are primarily spearheaded by the industry to serve its own
purposes.;
3) To advocate for politically and
legally enforceable measures that will hold the mining industry
accountable, above all to mining and exploration-affected communities
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