Pulp Mills: From monocultures to Industrial Pollution -
The whiteness of a sheet of paper hides obscure stories of enviromental degradation and social dispossession. Those stries are seldom know by consumers living far away from where the raw material -wood- is obteined and from where pulp and paper are produced. It is therefore important to know -and tell- the story. Also available in Spanish

2008

• Brazil: The pulp and paper companies’ “green international quality standard labels” français português

• Brazil: Historic federal court decision sentences Veracel Celulose (Stora Enso-Aracruz) for environmental violations français português
• The Confederation of European Paper Industries' Looking-Glass World
• Australia/Tasmania: Deal favours Gunns’ pulp mill project despite popular opposition
• Paper Industry & Pine Plantations in the Southern United States

2007

• The paper industry and the "business of climate change"
• Kenya: Pan Paper plans to expand its polluting operations
• New report and website on the pulp industry

• Australia: Pulping democracy

• Brazil: Indigenous Peoples re-start actions to take back their land from Aracruz

• Brazil: Response to Veracel’s attempt to obtain the FSC label for its plantations

• A meeting in Europe with bankers about pulp mills and finance

• Thailand: Advance Agro's greenwash

• The Swedish pulp and plantation industry’s plan for moving South

• Uruguay: Botnia pulp mill – “Why is EU public money being used?”

• Spain: FSC’s certificate to NORFOR or the continuation of a fraud

• Swaziland: Large-scale tree plantations which are no exception to the rule

• Brazil: The hushed issue of water in Aracruz Celulose business

• Brazil: An overview of monoculture eucalyptus plantations
• Brazil: Veracel’s deceitful practices
• Vietnam: What's happening in the pulp and paper sector?

2006

• Uruguay: Though not yet in operation, Metsa Botnia’s pulp mill already smells rotten
• The pulp industry and the biofuels boom

• Adding problems: GE poplar, cellulose and biofuel

• Brazil and Uruguay: Stora Enso’s promises and the harsh reality

• Brazil: Pataxó, eucalyptus and the sustainability of Veracel Celulose

• Chile: The people of Mehuin again oppose the Celco pulp company

• Uruguay: The Botnia pulp mill project intends to profit from climate change

• CIFOR report: How investors ignore serious problems with pulp mills
• Brazil: So, Mr. Liedeker, is Aracruz controversial?
• Brazil: Paper pulp companies must remove eucalyptus plantations in Bahia’s national parks buffer zones
• Uruguay: Pulp mills and citizen participation – the World Bank in the limelight
• Indonesia: Deutsche Bank pulls out of UFS pulp project
• Brazil: Veracel fined for crimes against the environment in Bahia
• Uruguay: The pulp mill companies’ falsehoods

2005

• Uruguay: World Bank Ombudsman confirms pulp mill risks
• Indonesia: Proposed UFS pulp mill threatens forests and nearby communities
• South Africa: Sappi Saiccor to expand its polluting pulp mill?
• Chile: Pulp mill takes death to the sea
• Indonesia: The health impacts of living near Indah Kiat's pulp and paper mills
• World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC) investment in the company Aracruz Celulose S.A.
• Brazil: World Bank loan to Aracruz is in breach of Bank forest policy
• Uruguay: To continue celebrating without pulp mills
• Brazil: Open letter of social organisations rejecting the certification of Aracruz Celulose

2004

• Brazil: A categorical demonstration against the green desert and in favour of life
• Brazil: Highway is blocked against expansion of eucalyptus plantations
• Swaziland: Timber Plantations Impacting on People and Nature

2003

• Laos: EcoSecurities helps ADB provide carbon subsidies to the pulp industry
• Uruguay-Argentina: Joint struggle against a pulp-mill
• Thailand: Assassinated Village Conservationist
• Brazil: The Alert Against the Green Desert Network demands a change in the forestry model
• Swaziland: Paper mill pollutes river and people
• China: Following the trite pattern of monoculture tree plantations
• Brazil: Social and environmental disaster caused by paper mill
• Brazil: NGOs request wide debate on the expansion of tree plantations
• Indonesia: Reopening of Indorayon pulp mill encounters strong local opposition
• Brazil: Stora Enso and Aracruz plan the world's biggest pulp mill
• South Africa: Tree plantations render corporation profits but fire, damages and death for the people
• Vietnam: Construction of Kontum pulp and paper mill suspended
• Indonesia: Report on paper industry's abuses on human rights

2002

Brazil: While the people are roused to indignation, Aracruz celebrates
• The Pulp Invasion: The international pulp and paper industry in the Mekong Region
• Playing God with trees for money making
• Biotechnology: The dangerous paradigm of modern industrial forestry
• Indonesia: Pulp and paper company APRIL and forest destruction
• Uruguay: Will IDB-funded private port include a pulp mill?
• Vietnam: Massive plantations ahead

2001

• Chile: Tree plantations and pulp production generate poverty and destitution
• Japan: Paper industry involved in genetic engineering of eucalyptus
• Growth does have limits, and scale is truly an issue
• Japan: Paper industry involved in genetic engineering of eucalyptus
• Mexico: Forestry Plan prepared by Finns
• Indonesia: Paper production threatens communities and forests in Sumatra
• Brazil: Political confrontation in Espirito Santo over eucalyptus plantations
• Kenya: Pollution and deforestation caused by Pan African Paper Mills
• Indonesia: Pulp and paper industry menace in South Kalimantan

2000

• Indonesia: The pulp and paper sector's unsustainable growth
• Malaysia: Campaign against plantation and pulp mill project in Sabah
• Brazil: The marriage of Stora Enso and Aracruz
• Chile: Wine production threatened by pulp mill project
• True forests for Chile
• UPM-Kymmene and APRIL: The Chinese-Indonesian connection
• Argentina: Forest loss and plantations in two provinces
• Whose trees? Vietnam's five million hectare "reforestation" programme
• Thailand: Massive eucalyptus plantations planned

1999

• Thailand: eucalyptus and Jiang Zemin's coming lesson
• Chinese paper industry in Myanmar
• Norwegian, Canadian and Korean capitals get together in global paper business
• Thailand: the pulp industry tries to strike back
• Brazil: "We want orchards, not eucalyptus plantations"
• The "Mexican version" of pulpwood plantations
• Colombia: monoculture tree plantations promoted in the Andes
• Uruguay: anti-pulpwood plantation movement on the rise
• Canada: Victory of indigenous peoples in court
• Indonesia: Timber empires collapsing

WRM Bulletin Nº 83 - June 2004 (complete version)
The production of pulp and paper has long been associated with deforestation and environmental pollution. More recently, it has been the driving force behind the spread of fast-growth tree monocultures to feed ever increasing paper and cardboard consumption. Given that trees grow faster in tropical and subtropical countries –where land, water and labour are cheap and where environmental protection is less stringent than in the North- the industry has also begun to shift pulp production to the South.

• Balas de papel - By Silvia Ribeiro, La Jornada, México, March 2008 Only in Spanish

• GE Trees, Cellulosic Ethanol & Destruction of Forest Biological Diversity - By Global Justice Ecology Project and Global Forest Coalition - February 2008

• Banks, Pulp and People - A Primer on Upcoming International Pulp Projects - A new report by urgewald about the social and environmental impacts of the pulp industry - January 2008

• Profiles on the global pulp and paper industry by Chris Lang
  http://pulpinc.wordpress.com

• Voices in the green desert - By Silvia Ribeiro. Seeding, July 2006

• Veracel Pulp Mill, Brazil: The Impact of Industrial Tree Plantations on Land Rights and Livehoods - by Chris Lang, February 2006

• Robin Wood - Clearcut paper - APP, APRIL and the End of the Rainforest in Sumatra's Riau Province. Results of ROBIN WOOD research Jens Wieting, revised version, July 2004

• Eduardo Galeano, pulp mills and Environment Day also available in Spanish, Portuguese,French and German

• Timber Plantations in Swaziland: An investigation into the environmental and social impacts of large -scale timber plantation in Swaziland
  by Wally Menne Timberwatch - South Africa
  December 2004

• Los supuestos beneficios de las plantas de celulosa.
  ¿VERDADEROS O FALSOS?
  Grupo Guayubira, setiembre 2004

• Chile: Octava Región vivió emergencia ambiental tras derrame desde planta Arauco - August 2004
  Impactos ambientales y sociales de la planta de celulosa Arauco.
  Selección de artículos de la prensa Chilena

• Rethinking Paper Consumption, Nick Robins and Sarah Roberts
  International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)

• Industria del papel y de la pasta de papel: sectores basados en recursos
  biológicos?
  Enciclopedia de Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo

• Pulp, Paper and Power: How an Industry Reshapes its Social Environment?
  Larry Lohmann, 1995, The Corner House

• La invasión de las plantaciones forestales en Chile. Efectos de la actividad forestal en la población indígena mapuche
  por José Araya Cornejo - Observatorio Latinoamericano de Conflictos Ambientales - Abril de 2003

• Politics, Plantations and Participation
  by Chris Lang

• Who is Jaakko Pöyry? - The company behind the report
  CBC report - November 2003

• The Environmental and Social Effects of Corporate Environmentalism in the Brazilian Market Pulp Industry - By Ricardo Carrere. In: Utting, Peter (ed.). The Greening of Business in Developing Countries. Rhetoric, Reality and Prospects. London, UNRISD/Zed Books, 2002

• Da fartura à escassez: a agroindústria de celulose e o fim dos territórios comunais no Extremo Norte do Espírito Santo. By Simone Raquel Batista Ferreira - March 2002 - Only in Portuguese

• The Pulp Invasion: The international pulp and paper industry in the Mekong Region (sólo en inglés)
  por Chris Lang

• Timber plantations in Indonesia approaching the predicaments of a modern utopia  
  by Nils Bubandt

• Datos de la "versión mexicana" de la estrategia global de la industria maderera-papelera internacional bajo el TLCAN 
  (only in Spanish) by Alejandro Villamar

• The environmental and social effects of corporate environmentalism in the Brazilian market pulp industry
  by Ricardo Carrere 

• Globalization of the Pulp and Paper Industry
  by Chris Lang

• Los bosques nativos del sur de Chile y el pueblo mapuche 
  (only in Spanish) by Rodrigo Catalán Labarías - Ruperto Ramos Antiqueo

• El papel del Sur. Plantaciones forestales en la estrategia papelera internacional
  por Ricardo Carrere and Larry Lohman

Tamar Residents Action Committee
Providing unbiased information to the public on the proposed establishment of a pulp mill in northern Tasmania.
http://www.tamar-trac.com/

Timberwatch - South Africa
http://www.timberwatch.org.za/

Public Information Network / Forests & Timber Industry
http://www.endgame.org/

IUF- International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations
http://www.iuf.org.uk/en/

Movimento Alerta Contra o Deserto Verde - Brasil
http://www.desertoverde.org (in Portuguese and English)

Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra - Brasil
http://www.mst.org.br/mst/

Pesticide Action Network (PAN)
http://www.pan-international.org/

Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides
http://www.pesticide.org/

Pulp & Paper Corporations web sites

Aracruz celulose certification